NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES [NCDs]

NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES  [NCDs]

Non communicable diseases are those diseases that are non-transferable, cant transmit from one person to other directly. Some of these diseases are Parkinson’s disease Alzheimer Cardiovascular diseases Some types of cancer A brief description of some of the NCDs is as below

Parkinson’s disease

It is basically a brain disorder that leads to the stiffness and difficulty with walking, balance and coordination. It may develop gradually but with the passage of time it get worse. As the time passes people may have difficulty in walking and talking. A certain part of brain is damaged due to disturbance in neurotransmittors in this disease that is involved in maintain balance of body. It may caused by the deficiency of specific chemical named DOPAMINE.

Symptoms

Tremor

shaking of hands or a specific finger Small handwriting

Loss of smell

Trouble of moving or walking

Constipation

Masked face

Dizziness or fainting

Treatment

Specific drugs are used for the treatment of this disease. These drugs include the specific chemical whose deficiency has caused the Parkinson’s.

Levodopa, it is known as the most effective chemical for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. It passes through brain and produces dopamine. Levodopa is combined with carpidopa ( lodosyn ), which protects levodopa from early conversion to dopamine outside your brain.

Alzheimer’s disease

It is a progressive disorder which is caused by the death of brain cells. It is most common cause of dementia. Dementia is a common cause of decline in thinking, behavioral and social thinks that make a person dependent on someone. It is degenerative disease. It may also caused by abnormal build up of protein. The protein named amyloid, form plagues around brain cells. One of the proteins named tau, deposits of which form tangles within brain cells , which become a cause of Alzheimer.

Symptoms

Decline in thinking

Unable to do social work

Person become dependent on others

Brain cells don’t function properly

Behavioral changes

Treatment and medication

Some of the medications used in this disease is as follows

Cholinesterase inhibitors for the mild Alzheimer. It may reduce some of the symptoms.

Razadyne ( galantamine ) ,

exelon ( revastigmine ) ,

and aricept ( donepezil ) are some proper medications for the treatment of Alzheimer.

Cardiovascular diseases

These are the group of diseases that are caused by fatty deposits inside( atherosclerosis ) , disturbed cholesterol level and disturbance in the rhythmicity of heart beat. Cardiovascular disease is a group of diseases, it include myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis And etc.

Symptoms

Symptoms that are caused by abnormal heart beats called heart arrhythmia are as follows

Fluttering in your chest

Racing heart beat known as tachycardia

Slow heartbeats known as bradycardia

Shortness of breath

Lightheadedness

Dizziness

Treatment

As per studies we come to know that CVS is not completely curable but we can treat most of the diseases through specific medication. Some of these medicines are as below

Statin : It is used to lower the LDL cholesterol

Aspirin : it is used to prevent clotting in blood

Clopidogrel : it is used to treat heart attack and heart failure and sometimes it is used to lower blood pressure

Ace inhibitor :it is used to treat heart failure and to lower blood pressure

Warfarin : it is used to prevent clotting in blood.

Cancer

When specific cells of the body proliferate abnormally and the increases infinitely, if it remains unchecked and continuous it develops a condition known as cancer. Cancer is included in NCDs because it cant be transferable through any means from one human to other. In the present era the treatment is chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer.

 

BIPOLAR DISORDER AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH DEPRESSION

BIPOLAR DISORDER – ITS ASSOCIATION WITH DEPRESSION

Bipolar disorder formally called as manic depression. It is a mental health condition that is strongly associated with strong mood swings, that include emotionally high ( mania or hypomania ) and low (depression ) mood swings. When a person strikes with high mood swings he feels himself euphoric, full of energy, a great interest in all life activities and wants to live a lively life. But when a person come by low mood swings he looses his interest in all life matters, looses pleasure, looses all his energy and feels himself a lazy person.

Types of bipolar disorders

There are four types of bipolar disorders that are explained below

Bipolar disorder-1

In this type 1 disorder a person may face one manic episode proceeded by hypomanic or major depressive episode. In many cases it may trigger a break from reality .

Bipolar disorder-2

In this type 2 disease a person faces one major depressive and at least one hypomanic episode but never has manic episode.

Cyclothymic disorder

You’ve had at least two years or one year in childhood or teenager of many periods of hypomania. It may also followed by the symptoms and periods of depression, though less severe than the major depression.

Others

Bipolar and depression related disorders induced by certain drugs or alcohols or due to a mild condition. Such as Cushing’s disease, multiple sclerosis or stroke.

Causes

In bipolar disorder a patient faces a POLES of mood. Some time a patient has a good mood and some times patient has a bad mood. Some of the basic causes of bipolar disease are as follows :

Blood relative sufferer : if a patient has a sister, brother, mother or father a patient of bipolar disease, then it is more likely to develop bipolar disease.

Prolonged high stress or depression level.

Prolonged usage of drugs, alcohol and stuff like that.

Biological differences

Basic symptoms of bipolar disorder

Abnormality upbeat, jumpy or weird

High level energy causes increased activity, energy or agitation

Euphoria : exaggerated sense of well being or high self confidence

Decreased need for sleep

Unusual talkativeness

Racing thoughts

Distractibility

Poor decision making : going buying sprees, taking sexual risks or making foolish experiments

Suicidal thoughts

Prey of low self esteem

Treatment

Bipolar disorder is a lifetime. It cannot be cured. But we can lessen its intensity. The one of the best treatment is psychopathy, talking and taking proper sessions with a psychologist may help in reducing its intensity. Most of the people use one mood stabilizing drug or an antipsychotic, benzodiazepine, or antidepressant.

How bipolar disease is associated with depression?

When a person is facing low mood swings he looses his interest in daily life activities, ultimately when he is unable to do any thing on time he takes stress and long time stress cause him to fall in depression.

Can a bipolar disease is one of the major cause in suicidal attempt?

Yes, we can say sometimes bipolar disease can become a cause of suicide. When a person feels low or we can say very low mood swings, he can think about suicide and if he remains in that low mood for a quite long time it may cause him to attempt suicide.

Bipolar disease and other illness

We can say that bipolar disease is a mother of other disorders too. Like bipolar disorder causes following disorders

anxiety

stress

depression

thyroid disorders

margarine

headaches

heart diseases

obesity

and other physical disorders

HEALTHY NUTRITION PROMISES GOOD HEALTH

HEALTHY NUTRITION PROMISES GOOD HEALTH

Nutrition is basically a process for obtaining the food that is necessary for better growth and health. Nutrition is a basic and major factor on which good health is based on. A balanced diet not only improves our physical health but also improves our mental health. Every thing that we eat has an effect on human body. If we take healthy and balanced nutrition we will enjoy good health and vice versa in case of unbalanced diet and nutrition. A good nutrition helps us to improve our metabolic system, provide us enough energy to perform our tasks actively and provide us enthusiasm for our daily life activities. Unhealthy and imbalance nutrition may cause diseases. In addition to good health, balanced cholesterol level, balanced weight, healthy nutrition may prevent you from non- communicable diseases like diabetes, heart attack and etc.

Nutrients are the essential compounds that are necessary for the healthy nutrition and helps to flourish our body. 

Types of nutrients for a good nutrition:

Macronutrients: The major part in our nutrition is of macronutrients. We get macronutrients from carbohydrates, fats and proteins.

Micronutrients: Though they share a very little part in our balanced diet, but these micronutrients play a major role for our good health. We get enough micronutrients from vitamins and minerals.

Vitamins are necessary for energy production, immune function, blood clotting and other functions. Meanwhile, minerals play an important role in growth, bone health, fluid balance and several other processes.

Sources of nutrients:

Macronutrients We can get enough Carbs from fruits and vegetables. We can get carbs from bread, milk, potatoes and etc.

Micronutrients We can get micronutrients like CALCIUM from milk, yogurt, spinach and sardines, VITANMIN B12 from meat, fish, cheese and eggs, ZINC from meat and different kinds of beans and POTASSIUM from fruits like bananas and apricot, spinach and potatoes.

Vitamins: Need of vitamin for our body is though very little but that little part plays an important role in body development. Our body can synthesize some of the vitamins but some vitamins are needed as a supplement. We can get these vitamins from fruits and vegetables.

Healthy diet and metabolism:

Metabolism is defined as “all the chemical processes occur in our body “or it is also known as the breakdown of our food that we intake on daily basis. Metabolism provides energy to our body through breakdown of complex food particles into simpler ones. Healthy diet intake boosts our metabolism. Our body fat is based on our metabolism. If we eat more fruits and vegetables, it is easier for our body to break the nutrient particles into simpler ones rather than the junk food. Junk food contains mostly fat that is not easy to break down into simpler particles.

Nutrition and our brain:

Most of the researches have told us that nutrition plays an important role in the healthy functioning of our brain. Nutrition plays structural as well as functional role in our body. It produces certain chemicals that may cause diseases. Like more sugar intake or unhealthy or imbalanced diet may increase stress promoting chemicals that may cause depression.

Impacts of healthy nutrition on your body:

As balanced nutrition provides us good health, it also leaves positive impact on human body. Following are some

Positive impacts of healthy nutrient on our body

Good and strong metabolism 

Healthy brain

Good physical health

Activeness

Freshness and glow on skin

Prevention from different diseases

Improve your well being

Improve your ability to fight against different diseases

Low cholesterol level

Active interest in daily life activities

Low risk of diseases

Body fitness

Impacts of unhealthy nutrition on body:

As we know that everything we eat makes an impact on human body. Same as unhealthy nutrition left following negative impacts on human body

Sluggishness

Weakness

Different kind of diseases like diabetes, heart attack, thrombosis and etc.

Junk food causes gain in weight High cholesterol level

Low level of energy

Unhealthy and weak metabolism

Lack of interest

Ways to improve your nutrition as well as your health:

Following are some healthy tips to improve your health by using healthy nutrition

Reasonable calorie intake: keep your regular calorie uptake under control. Find out how many calories do you need according to you age, weight, gender and activity level. Working with certified health care advisers or consulting your health care provider can guide you better in accordance to calorie intake. Mindful or mindless eating :pay attention and fully enjoy your food means mindful eating and it is good for health whereas eating quickly and not fully enjoying your food is known as mindless eating and can lead to eating too many calories.

Eat healthy food like vegetables, fruits, whole grain and low fat dairy products. Dedicate half of your food to vegetables and fruits.

Rethink your drink: Drink more water and sugar free beverages, instead of sugar and high calorie drinks. Soda drinks, sweetened juices, energy and sport drinks are a major source of high level calorie and sugar intake.

Sign’s you are not getting enough protein and nutrition

Mood changes

Weakness and fatigue

Hair, nail and skin problems

Peevishness

Hunger

Slow healing injuries

Getting or staying sick

Low level of energy

Swelling

OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER-IS IT A KIND OF ANXIETY OR ANY MENTAL DISORSDER?

OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDERS– IS IT A KIND OF ANXIETY OR IS IT JUST A MENTAL DISCOMFORT?

OBSESSSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER or OCD is a chronic or long lasting disorder in which a person often faces unwanted recurring thoughts or behavioral compulsions that make them to feel driven to do something repetitively.

It is an anxiety disorder in which people develop habits like excessive double checking of things such as locks, appliances and etc. People develop this kind of behavior for the safety of their loved ones. Counting, tapping, repeating certain words, doing senseless things to reduce anxiety.

Parts of OCD

OCD has two parts obsessions and compulsions.

Obsessions are unwanted, intrusive, images or urges that trigger intensively distressing feelings. Whereas Compulsions are behavioral changes in any individual to get rid of obsessions or such habits. CATEGORIES:

Washers:

Washing things repetitively, fear of being contaminated by germs.

Checkers Checking things again and again. Checking locks, appliances, ovens, room locks and the things that might be harmful for their loved ones. People in this category have a fear of losing their loved ones and do senseless things for the safety of them.

Doubters or sinners: People under this category want things perfect and do useless attempts for being perfect. They are superstitious about that if things will not be perfect they may get harm. Counters Sufferers of this category count things again and again. They have compulsions about colors and numbers.

Hoarders They thing they will feel bad if they throw any thing. These people usually undergo depression, PTSD, compulsive buying, ADHS and skin picking.

Major causes of OCD

This condition can be triggered by the following reasons Any kind of disorder in genetic recombination Neurological factors

Behavioral factors

Cognitive factors

Environmental factors

Symptoms

Fear of contamination

Fear of losing control

Excessive focus on religious or moral ideas

Fear of losing or not having something

Intrusive sexually explicit

OF WHICH AGE PEOPLE ARE MORE EXPOSED TO OCD?

OCD may develop in childhood or early adulthood. It may become worse with the passage of time. Sometimes it is difficult for the patients to remember when the OCD began. It runs in families and can be considered as a familial disorder. This disease may span generations with close relatives of people with OCD significantly more likely to develop OCD themselves.

Are people born with OCD?

It may be genetic, hereditary factors or due to chemical imbalance. It may be learned due to repetitive and habitual behavior when they are associated with relief from anxiety.

Treatment

As we know that it is chronic disease. It may get worse day by day if it is left untreated. People may be called as abnormal due to their nonsense behavior. But if a proper medication and treatment is given it can be cured. Antidepressants The most effective type of treatments are a type of CBT called exposure and response, which has a strongest evidence in supporting its use in treatment of OCD or a class of medications called SEROTONIN reuptake inhibitors or SRIs.

OCD CYCLE