NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES [NCDs]

NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES  [NCDs]

Non communicable diseases are those diseases that are non-transferable, cant transmit from one person to other directly. Some of these diseases are Parkinson’s disease Alzheimer Cardiovascular diseases Some types of cancer A brief description of some of the NCDs is as below

Parkinson’s disease

It is basically a brain disorder that leads to the stiffness and difficulty with walking, balance and coordination. It may develop gradually but with the passage of time it get worse. As the time passes people may have difficulty in walking and talking. A certain part of brain is damaged due to disturbance in neurotransmittors in this disease that is involved in maintain balance of body. It may caused by the deficiency of specific chemical named DOPAMINE.

Symptoms

Tremor

shaking of hands or a specific finger Small handwriting

Loss of smell

Trouble of moving or walking

Constipation

Masked face

Dizziness or fainting

Treatment

Specific drugs are used for the treatment of this disease. These drugs include the specific chemical whose deficiency has caused the Parkinson’s.

Levodopa, it is known as the most effective chemical for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. It passes through brain and produces dopamine. Levodopa is combined with carpidopa ( lodosyn ), which protects levodopa from early conversion to dopamine outside your brain.

Alzheimer’s disease

It is a progressive disorder which is caused by the death of brain cells. It is most common cause of dementia. Dementia is a common cause of decline in thinking, behavioral and social thinks that make a person dependent on someone. It is degenerative disease. It may also caused by abnormal build up of protein. The protein named amyloid, form plagues around brain cells. One of the proteins named tau, deposits of which form tangles within brain cells , which become a cause of Alzheimer.

Symptoms

Decline in thinking

Unable to do social work

Person become dependent on others

Brain cells don’t function properly

Behavioral changes

Treatment and medication

Some of the medications used in this disease is as follows

Cholinesterase inhibitors for the mild Alzheimer. It may reduce some of the symptoms.

Razadyne ( galantamine ) ,

exelon ( revastigmine ) ,

and aricept ( donepezil ) are some proper medications for the treatment of Alzheimer.

Cardiovascular diseases

These are the group of diseases that are caused by fatty deposits inside( atherosclerosis ) , disturbed cholesterol level and disturbance in the rhythmicity of heart beat. Cardiovascular disease is a group of diseases, it include myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis And etc.

Symptoms

Symptoms that are caused by abnormal heart beats called heart arrhythmia are as follows

Fluttering in your chest

Racing heart beat known as tachycardia

Slow heartbeats known as bradycardia

Shortness of breath

Lightheadedness

Dizziness

Treatment

As per studies we come to know that CVS is not completely curable but we can treat most of the diseases through specific medication. Some of these medicines are as below

Statin : It is used to lower the LDL cholesterol

Aspirin : it is used to prevent clotting in blood

Clopidogrel : it is used to treat heart attack and heart failure and sometimes it is used to lower blood pressure

Ace inhibitor :it is used to treat heart failure and to lower blood pressure

Warfarin : it is used to prevent clotting in blood.

Cancer

When specific cells of the body proliferate abnormally and the increases infinitely, if it remains unchecked and continuous it develops a condition known as cancer. Cancer is included in NCDs because it cant be transferable through any means from one human to other. In the present era the treatment is chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer.